Antarctica: We know that there is an ozone layer to protect the earth from the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. We have been studying since time immemorial that pollution in the atmosphere has created a hole in that layer. Scientists say that due to climate change, burning of forests in the Australian region, the ozone layer may have been damaged due to the toxic gas created.. Chlorofluorocarbons are damaging the ozone layer. In 1987, nations of the world agreed to phase out ozone-depleting chemicals. This agreement is named as “Montreal Protocol”.. but some countries ignore this resolution and the use of hazardous chemicals continues to be seen..
A large hole has been created in the ozone layer in the Antarctic region. The hole is seriously affecting the Antarctic ice sheet. Actually the temperature is lower there. High chemical reactions take place in the clouds that form in that region. Due to this, the ozone layer is being damaged more and more. Scientists say that one layer has already been destroyed. Antarctica has a cold weather from September to October. At that time the hole in the ozone layer becomes bigger. At that time animals and plants are under the ice layers. But gradually after the change of time, the layers of snow on the animals and plants melt. At such a time, through that hole, the ultra-violet metallic rays from the sun fall on animals and plants. Radiation hazard is caused by ultraviolet rays transmitted from the sun. There is a risk of diseases like cancer especially due to UVB rays. But do these rays have the same effect on the mammals and other animals on that continent? Researchers are continuing to experiment on the subject. Especially animals like seals and penguins have special hairs. Researchers say they protect against ultra-blue metallic rays. But in the long run, the animals are at risk of losing their sight.
Mosses have developed sunscreen compounds around them to protect against the effects of ultraviolet rays from the sun. Researchers have found that a creature called krill goes to the depths of the ocean to protect itself from the sun. In fact, krill organisms are the basis of animals such as whales and penguins that live in the Antarctic region. As they move to the depths of the sea, the food cycle of the above animals is gradually changing. But to prevent all this from happening, scientists say that the ozone layer should gradually recover. They say that the way to improve it is to reduce carbon emissions.
